富营养化滩涂生物修复研究进展     

沈辉  万夕和  何培民 《海洋科学》2016,40(10):160-169

近年来,随着海水富营养化加剧,滩涂沉积物多项重要理化参数也随之恶化,进而导致滩涂底质生境退化,表现出较为明显的富营养化趋势。为改善和恢复滩涂沉积物的生态环境,国内外学者进行了较多的生物境修复探索研究工作。作者概述了滩涂富营养化的现状及原因,各种滩涂生物修复技术的原理、特点及其修复效果,分析了各类生境修复技术的优缺点。同时,就滩涂生境修复技术在滩涂修复和海洋环境保护领域今后的研究重点进行了展望。  相似文献   

南海西南部海盆附近中尺度涡及其水文特征     

郑淑贤  鲍献文  丁扬  万凯 《海洋湖沼通报》2016,(4):1-10

根据"东方红2"于2011年9月在南海西南部11°N~15°N、111°E~114°E海域测得的CTD资料及据此的地转流计算结果,结合南海的海流数值计算结果的对比分析,得出南海西南部海盆附近水域中尺度涡的基本分布规律及其水文特征:(1)以12°N~13°N附近宽约100km的条带作为分界,其北部是气旋式运动,南部是反气旋式运动。(2)气旋涡中心产生上升流,底层水上升,中心密度大。表层表现为低温高盐高密特征;200m层表现为低温低盐高密特征;1 000m层则表现为低温高盐高密特征。(3)在反气旋涡中心产生下降流,海水密度小。表层表现为高温低盐低密特征;200m层表现为高温高盐低密特征;1 000m层则表现为高温低盐低密特征。(4)在8~9月,上述北气旋、南反气旋的分布流态基本不变;(5)季风的影响是因素之一,而地形影响更是调查区域双涡旋流动结构的重要动力机制。  相似文献   

Numerical Investigation of Submarine Hydrodynamics and Flow Field in Steady Turn   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

曹留帅  朱军  万文彬 《海洋工程》2016,(1):57-68

This paper presents numerical simulations of viscous flow past a submarine model in steady turn by solving the Reynolds-Averaged Navier?Stokes Equations (RANSE) for incompressible, steady flows. The rotating coordinate system was adopted to deal with the rotation problem. The Coriolis force and centrifugal force due to the computation in a body-fixed rotating frame of reference were treated explicitly and added to momentum equations as source terms. Furthermore, velocities of entrances were coded to give the correct magnitude and direction needed. Two turbulence closure models (TCMs), the RNG model with wall functions and curvature correction and the Shear Stress Transport (SST) model without the use of wall functions, but with curvature correction and low-Re correction were introduced, respectively. Take DARPA SUBOFF model as the test case, a series of drift angle varying between 0° and 16° at a Reynolds number of 6.53×106 undergoing rotating arm test simulations were conducted. The computed forces and moment as a function of drift angle during the steady turn are mostly in close agreement with available experimental data. Though the difference between the pressure coefficients around the hull form was observed, they always show the same trend. It was demonstrated that using sufficiently fine grids and advanced turbulence models will lead to accurate prediction of the flow field as well as the forces and moments on the hull.  相似文献   

山东省煤田矿坑水资源化综合利用区划   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赵庆令  李清彩  万淼  段淑倩 《山东国土资源》2016,32(8)

矿坑水资源化利用是煤矿区解决水资源供需矛盾、改善生态环境的必然选择。该文分析了山东省煤田矿坑水资源化综合利用的可行性,以及矿坑水综合利用区划的设计思路,并在此基础上,提出了合理的矿坑水资源化综合利用区划,为山东省矿坑水资源化综合利用提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

胶东金翅岭金矿构造控矿规律及找矿预测          下载免费PDF全文

万方  赵国春  张竞嘉  盛肖宁  高建伟 《山东国土资源》2016,32(5)

金翅岭金矿是胶东招远北部的一个典型石英脉型金矿,构造是金矿最为重要的控矿因素。在前人资料的基础上,综合分析了矿区构造控矿特征,总结了构造控矿规律:矿脉分支复合,表现为NE向矿脉产生SN,NNE向次级矿脉,NNE向矿脉产生NE向次级矿脉;矿体厚度与金品位呈负相关,深部次级矿脉群在P4脉下盘出现;矿脉侧伏角和倾伏向变化处矿体富集,表现为SW向侧伏的P4矿脉,矿体富集于-240 m,侧伏角变大,同时倾伏向由SW向转变为NW向的部位。最后建立了平面和剖面P4矿脉的波形函数,并对深部进行了预测。  相似文献   

东濮凹陷膏盐岩对烃源岩成烃演化的控制作用及其石油地质意义     

陈湘飞  李素梅  张洪安  徐田武  张云献  万中华  纪红  郭振乾 《现代地质》2018,32(6):1125

东濮凹陷北部盐湖相膏盐岩极其发育,膏盐岩对烃源岩性质及生烃特征的影响研究薄弱。采用地质与地球化学相结合途径,探讨了含膏盐岩层系烃源岩特性及其成烃演化规律。结果表明,盐区与无盐区烃源岩的特性有很大差异,北部盐湖相含盐区深灰色、褐色等暗色页岩有机质丰度一般大于15%,有机质类型以Ⅱ1型和Ⅰ型为主,是区内主要的优质烃源岩;南部淡水湖相无盐区主要发育有利生气的Ⅱ—Ⅲ型干酪根,反映东濮凹陷烃源岩的质量及生烃潜能与膏盐岩的发育密切相关。观察到膏盐岩影响烃源岩的成烃演化进程,当膏盐层厚度为50 m时,生油窗的范围显著增加;随着盐岩厚度(>50 m)的增加,湿气窗的范围也逐渐增加;当膏盐岩厚度约400 m时,生油窗范围开始减小,湿气窗的范围仍有增加趋势。膏盐岩对烃源岩“生油气窗”的影响是基于其较高的热导率属性,通过影响地温场而实现。以地质解剖为依据,建立了文留地区含膏盐岩层系烃源岩成烃演化模式。东濮凹陷含膏盐岩层系烃源岩的演化特征对该凹陷及同类含膏盐岩盆地油气勘探具有重要指示意义。  相似文献   

北极斯瓦尔巴特群岛及邻区天然气水合物分解对气候、海洋环境和生物的影响     

聂云峰  于晶  陈宏文  万玲  范广慧  房强  吴怀春 《现代地质》2018,32(5):1012

天然气水合物是一种潜在的巨量能源,但其分解释放的甲烷可能对全球气候与海洋环境产生巨大影响。然而,人们目前对天然气水合物分解产生的环境和生物效应的了解还不够全面。北极地区的斯瓦尔巴特群岛及邻区的海底和冻土层中蕴含大量甲烷,对气候变化十分敏感,是人们研究天然气水合物对气候变化的响应机制和其分解对生态环境影响的绝佳场所。系统总结了斯瓦尔巴特群岛及邻区水合物分解的气候与环境效应,发现目前研究区水合物分解产生的甲烷进入大气的年际通量不大,对全球气候的影响可能有限;水合物分解对海底滑坡起到催化剂的作用,但不是首要因素;海底水合物分解释放的甲烷能打破原有的化学平衡、生产力分布规律与输送机制、生物耦合关系甚至不同栖息地间的连通性,进而影响底栖生物群落。这些认识对研究天然气水合物开采对生态环境可能造成的影响和采取相应防治措施具有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Charophytes from the Upper Cretaceous to probably Paleocene Jiaozhou Formation in the Jiaolai Basin (Eastern China)     

LI Sh  ZHANG Haichun  WANG Qifei  WAN Xiaoqiao 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(4):1647-1648

正Objective The Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary(K–Pg boundary)marks the beginning of the Cenozoic,and is one of the most important geological boundaries.Charophytes are usually very abundant in the non-marine strata near the K–Pg boundary,and the change in the charophyte flora can help to recognize the K–Pg boundary.The position of K–  相似文献   

Petrological and organic geochemical characteristics of oil sands from the Middle Jurassic Yan’an Formation in the southern Ordos Basin, China     

LIANG Ye  SHAN Xuanlong  HAO Guoli  YOUSIF M. Makeen  WAN Hasiah ABDULLAH  HABEEB Ayoola AYINLA  TONG Lihu  ZHAO Rongsheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(Z2):79-79

  相似文献   

Mixing of Enriched Lithospheric Mantle-Derived and Crustal Magmas: Evidence from the Habo Cenozoic Porphyry in Western Yunnan     

XIA Bin  LU Ye  YUAN Yajuan  CHEN Weiyan  ZHANG Xiao  XU Chi  YU Shengrui  WAN Zhifeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(5):1753-1768

New zircon U–Pb ages, whole-rock geochemistry and zircon Hf isotopes from the Habo porphyry Western Yunnan, China, were determined to provide constraints on the timing of uplift of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau. The intrusive rocks consist of shoshonitic porphyry (syenite porphyry and monzonite porphyry). Zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb dating indicates coeval emplacement ages of ~35 Ma. The porphyries have alkaline affinities, enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and light rare earth elements (LREEs) (e.g., Rb, Th, U, Pb), with depletion of high field strength elements (HFSEs) (e.g., Nb, Ti, Ta) and weak Eu anomalies. They display uniform Lu–Hf isotopic compositions with negative zircon εHf(t) values ranging from -3.9 to -0.6. The chemical characteristics of the syenite porphyries indicated that they most likely originated from the lower crust, with mantle-derived material involved in their generation. Geochemically, the monzonite porphyries are similar to the syenite porphyries; however, the lower MgO contents suggest that they were produced by different degrees of partial melting of the same lower crust source. Combined with the geochemical and isotopic data in this paper, imply that the alkali-rich porphyries of the Habo polymetallic deposit were derived from the partial melting of lower crust, enriched by mantle magma, formed in a conversion stage from stress extrusion (a strike-slip shear process) to local stress relaxation (a strike-slip pull-apart process) at the Ailaoshao tectonic zone.  相似文献